A Study of Etiological Analysis of Acute Pancreatitis and their Outcome in Patients Admitted at Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Acute pancreatitis accounts for 3% of all cases of acute abdomen it occurs in any age group but peak incidence is in young men and older women. There are two major causes of acute pancreatitis-alcohol and biliary disease which accounts 50-70% of total cases. The pathological spectrum varies from edematous pancreatitis which is uncomplicated and self limiting to necrotizing pancreatitis in which degree of pancreatic necrosis correlate the severity of attack and systemic complication which involve renal, lung, git, brain and may lead to multi system organ failure. METHODS: It is hospital based prospective study. The study was conducted in hospitals attached Madras medical college during the study period from March 2014 to August 2014. 100 consecutive complicated cases were analyzed. RESULTS: Out of 100 patients 93 were male and 7 female. The peak incidence in male is 5th decade and in female 2rd decade in life. Alcohol accounts72% of total cases and 16% biliary disease.26 patients found to have systemic complication and 58 local complications, most systemic complications were managed in general ward except few in ICU those associated with ARDS and septicemia. 34% of patient had recurrent attack supportive care in ICU for the period of 3 weeks, 80% resolved, infected necrosis were managed by necrosectomy, mortality 33%. Pancreatic abscess were managed by USG/CT guided aspiration. CONCLUSIONS: Acute pancreatitis is one of the common differential diagnosis of acute abdomen specially alcoholics and biliary disease. Patients with acute pancreatitis should be evaluated clinically, biochemically and radiologically as this condition associated with severe systemic and local complication