Evaluation of Leaf Extracts of Simarouba Glauca on Experimentally Induced Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in Wistar Rats

Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the Inflammatory Bowel Disorder activity of EASG&CHSG extracts of Simarouba glauca on Experimentally induced Inflammatory Bowel Disease in wistar rats. Methods: The levels of phytochemicals were quantified and HPTLC study was conducted using β-sitosterol as reference. In vitro antioxidant property of EASG & CHSG was evaluated using DPPH and ABTS assay. in vitro anti activity of EASG & CHSG was investigated against MTT assay on caco2 cell lines. Evaluation of IBD was done in wistar rats. Rats were treated with indomethacin (7.5mg/kg,s.c ,6% glacial acetic acid(0.1ml,intrarectal) for 3days after 14 days pretreatment with extract and standard drug (prednisolone 10mg/kg). The MPO Level, macroscopic features scoring, body weight analysis and microscopic (histopathological study was carried out and evaluated. Antioxidant potential of intestinal tissue was determined by measuring activities of Superoxide Dismutase, Catalase, Glutathione peroxidase, Lipid per oxidation and reduced Glutathione. Results: EASG & CHSG possessed considerable amount of phytoconstituents such as flavonoid, phenols and β-sitosterol; and also significantly scavenged the free radicals making it a potent antioxidant. The results of macroscopic scoring and MPO level activity suggest that EASG & CHSG at 400mg/kg significantly (p < 0.001) reduced the inflammation in IBD induced animals in both the models. In In vitro cytotoxicity study , a significant reduction in cell damage was observed when caco2 cells were pretreated with EASG and CHSG extracts when compared to control. EASG & CHSG at 400mg/kg significantly reduced lipid per oxidation and increased the Superoxide Dismutase(SOD), Catalase(CAT) and Glutathione peroxidase(GPx).Reduced Glutathione(GSH) levels and produced significant antioxidantactivity. Conclusion: Attributing to the potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, we could conclude that the EASG & CHSG of Simarouba glauca showed significant anti- inflammatory activity due to presence of β-sitosterol and antioxidants such as phenols and flavonoids