Efficient Protective Activity of a Planar Catechin Analogue against Radiation-Induced Apoptosis in Rat Thymocytes

About two thirds of biological damage due to low linear energy transfer (LET) radiation, such as X-rays and the plateau region of heavy-ion beams, is known to be caused by the hydroxyl radical, the most powerful reactive oxygen species (ROS), generated via ionisation and excitation of water molecules. Thus, compounds having an efficient scavenging activity against ROS are expected to exhibit a radio protective activity. A planar catechin analogue, where an isopropyl fragment was introduced into the catechol ring (B ring) of (+)-catechin, showed an efficient protective effect against X-ray induced apoptosis in rat thymocytes compared to (+)-catechin. The plane catechin scavenged 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical solubilised in water by beta-cyclodextrin about 10-fold faster than (+)-catechin in phosphate buffer (0.1 M, pH 7.4) at 298 K. Furthermore, the experimental log P value of the planar catechin (1.22) is reported to be significantly larger than that of (+)-catechin (0.44). The higher radical-scavenging activity and lipophilicity of the planar catechin than those of (+)-catechin may contribute in part to the higher protective activity against X-ray-induced apoptosis in rat thymocytes