Administration of cytostatic drugs and extravasation

Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Heyrovského 1203, Hradec Králové Department of pharmacology and toxicology Candidate: Mgr. Marie Rohová Consultant: PharmDr. Marie Vopršalová, CSc. Title of Thesis: Administration of cytostatic drugs and extravasation Key words: extravasation of cytostatics, vesicants, irritants, specific measures This thesis deals with the issue of extravasation in intravenous administration of cytostatics in oncologic patients, as one of the most feared complication of cytostatic therapy, which may has a serious irreversible consequences for patients. Extravasation describes the unintended leakage of drug from vessel into surrounding tissues or the unintended instillation of drug directly into the perivascular tissues. The severity of tissue injuries depends on several factors, including the volume and concentration of the cytotoxic agent, the localization of extravasation, the sensitivity of the tissue and the vesicant potential of the cytotoxic agent. In order to avoid extravasation, the principles of safe drug use must be followed, and if extravasation occurs, the recommendations for the drug should be known and followed. This is the only way to prevent serious damage to the patient, or significantly reduce the consequences. The experimental..