教育の国際化政策とODA事業の役割

Japan became the top donner country of ODA (Official Development Aid) in DAC countries. But we do not know about ODA. Especially ODA in Ministry of Education has been little known by people. The aim of this study is to make clear the role of ODA in Ministry of Education in terms of the policy for internationalization in education. The policy for internationalization in Ministry of Education has been decided by two famous reports. First one is the report in 1974 of 10th CHUOKYOIKUSHINGIKAI (the Central Educational Council) which had a consultation in 1972. Second one is the report in 1987 of RINJIKYOIKUSHINGIKAI (the Extraordinary Educational Council) which had a consultation in 1983. Two reports pointed out that the actual conditions of international exchange in the fields of education, science and culture is not sufficiant comparing with other countries. And reports strongly insisted on the internationalization of Japanese society by international exchange in education. Going along the line of reports, several main policies as below were decided for internationalization. (1) To match the system to the real situation of the education for the students who are studying in Japanese schools in foreign countries and the students who came back to Japan from abroad, (2) To adjust and prepare for accepting system for foreign students, (3) To look over the teaching method of foreign languages, (4) To complete the education for Japanese language, (5) To reform the higher education. ODA was spended especially as a scholarship fund for foreign students. In 1989 about 82% of total ODA in Ministry of Education will be spended for foreign students policy. This evidence will show the main character and role of ODA in Ministry of Education. But it will also show that ODA is distributed only for the elites in the developing countries. Second character of ODA is that 72.4% of total foreign students are coming from Asian developing countries. This character is just like the character of Japanese ODA. The budget of ODA in Ministry of Education will continue to increase under the strong political support by the Japanese Government for 21 century