Some Aspects of Using Microdispersed Colloid Silver Nanoparticles in Medicine

In this review article are studied the methods for preparation of micro dispersed colloid silver nanoparticles and scopes of their practical application in nano-industry, bionanotechnology, medicine and allied industries, including water processing and water purification techniques. The mechanisms of bactericidal influence of colloid silver on a microbial cell are discussed from the point of view of absorptive, electrostatic, enzyme and mutagen theories. Silver exerts both bactericidal and bacteriostatic effect against more than 500 species of microorganisms. The effect of bacterial destruction by silver is 1500 times more than the same concentration of phenol and 3.5 times more than the action of mercuric chloride. It is demonstrated that effects of colloid silver are defined by the concentration, the sizes of micro dispersed nanoparticles and their stability in water solutions. The silver nanoparticles in their turn may be prepared by using various physico-chemical, biochemical and biotechnological methods. Key words: colloid silver, nanoparticles, bionanotechnology, water treatment