Comparative Analysis of Non-Infrastructural Impacts of Floods Case Study: 2011 And 2014 Floods in Dar Es Salaam

This study compared and analysed the non -infrastructural impacts of 2011 and 2014 floods disaster in Dar es Salaam. This study area particularly involved the 15 wards in Dar es Salaam. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected using different data collection methods. The variety of data collection methods were used in this study in which qualitative data were collected through physical investigation/observation including visual inspections of damaged. Questionnaire was conducted to the affected households. Interview was conducted to the ward executive officers (WEOs) and district disaster focal point officer. Consultation was conducted to the disaster management stakeholder. The findings of this study based on non-infrastructural impacts that occurred in 2011 and 2014 floods include death, damage to property mostly houses. Social impacts include disruption of social service such as school, water system and hospital. Environmental impacts include water and air pollution, destruction of ecosystem. Economic impacts such as the cost for rebuilding, medical treatment, food and shelter. Health impacts include eruption of diseases such as malaria, respiratory disease, and cholera. The non-infrastructural impacts that are related to floods include death, property damage, economic, social, health, environment and safety and security. The 2014 flood was more severe as it caused great impacts on infrastructures, economy, social services and environment. Due to lack of awareness, training and preparedness, the 2011 floods also caused great impacts in life and properties. Also, the response authorities did not respond accordingly. The study recommends that areas prone to flood should be mapped and the awareness of people on disaster risks should be created so as to reduce the occurrence of the impacts. Keywords: Non-infrastructural impacts; Flooding and Floods risks; Disaster; Coping strategies