A Study of Energy Consumption of the Household Sector in Myanmar

Due to rapid economic growth, structural changes in Myanmar’s society have led to a pattern of increasing household energy consumption. As an agro based country, biomass-based fuels are currently being used as a major fuel in Myanmar. They were about 76% of a total primary energy supply of 14.056 MTOE derived from biomass in 2011. In the same year, the household sector consumed 10.464 MTOE and became the largest energy consumption, accounting for 80% of the total final energy consumption, followed by the industry, transportation, agriculture and other sector with shares of 10%, 6%, 1% and 3% respectively. Given the country’s steady economic growth, cleaner energy sources are needed. This study focused on analysis and forecast for energy demand of household sector in Myanmar. The household’s energy demand was estimated by using an end use model, the Long-range Energy Alternative Planning (LEAP) model. The model was applied to analyze data collected from household’s living in urban and rural areas at the regions of Yangon, Mandalay and Nay Pyi Taw in Myanmar. Further, the behaviors of household energy utilization at different level of income groups were presented and discussed in this study. Keywords: Myanmar’s household energy consumption, LEAP mode