Evaluación de la producción de biol a partir de rumen bovino del Camal Frigorífico Municipal de Riobamba.

El proyecto está enfocado a la producción de biol a partir del rumen de ganado bovino a una escala de laboratorio, donde se practica 4 formulaciones identificando que el contenido de nutrientes no se diferencia. La materia fue sometida a una degradación anaerobia durante 42 días y una temperatura promedio de 18 °C, el T2 es seleccionado por su mayor eficiencia de acuerdo a su tiempo de retención, siendo esta menor por 7 días al tratamiento que lo sigue en el periodo analizado, esta mezcla contiene 50% agua, 20% Rumen tamizado, 20% poda, 4.8% suero, 3.3% melaza, 1.9% ceniza. Esta mezcla presento valores de N de 0.16%, P 0.0184%, K 0.298%, Dbo 4100mg/L, Dqo 7700 mg/L, Conductividad 2.76 mSiems/cm, Ph 6. El biodigestor obtuvo una eficiencia aproximada del 70%, siendo la producción neta de 67,6 litros de biol líquido. Para determinar el volumen del biodigestor propuesto utilizamos la cantidad de 550 reses faenadas semanalmente, a partir del porcentaje de humedad obtenemos la cantidad de 33000 litros de agua y rumen liquido requiriendo un volumen de 44 m3 para el digestor, es así que se decide el uso de biodigestores tubulares pues en base al ancho del plástico de polietileno tubular cotizado, el que presenta 6 m de perímetro y 1,92 m de diámetro. Se determinó que el costo de un litro de biol a partir de la mezcla de rumen y la demás materia prima es de 0.30$.The technical project allows evaluating the biol from the rumen of cattle at laboratory scale, to determine the treatment with greater yield and benefits. This raw material was submitted to a process of anaerobic decomposition for a period close to 42 days. Four formulations were practiced where it was identified that the nutrient content between them does not differ. Taking T2 as the formulation with greater efficiency when finishing in a shorter time its production of biogas, treatment made with the mixture of 50% water, 20% sieved Rumen, 20% pruning, 4.8% serum, 3.3% molasses, 1.9% ash, being smaller by nine 7 days to the treatment that follows it in the period analyzed. The bio digester obtained an efficiency of 96% during the fermentation process, being the net production of 57 liters of liquid biol value that is close to 60% of the weight at the end of the digestion processes. To determine the liquid volume of the experimental bio digester, it is used; the retention time of 42 days calculated based on the revised bibliography, and the total amount of charge is divided for the retention time obtaining a liquid volume of 0.1 m3. . With the data obtained from the daily load, it is estimated the amount 33000 liters of water and liquid rumen requiring a volume of 44m3 for the digester, it is so decided by the use of tubular bio digesters because based on the width of the tubular polyethylene plastic selected the same that has 6m of perimeter and l, 92m of same diameter that was available in the market. It was determined that the cost of one liter of biol from the rumen mixture and the other raw material is 0.40 $. For this, the use of tubular bio digesters is decided