INFLUENCE OF TILLAGE TECHNIQUES FOR OLD-AGE GALEGA ORIENTALIS GRASS STAND ON AGRO-PHYSICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF SOIL IN MIDDLE PREDURALIE (RUSSIA)

The paper presents the results of investigations conducted in 2013 on theexperimental and training field of the Perm State Agricultural Academy with theaim to reveal the influence of rejuvenation agro-techniques for perennial grassstands on thickening processes in sod-podzolic soils of Middle Preduralie (Russia).The authors consider dependence of grass stand thinning on different tillagetechniques, give data on calculating illumination, light brightness and airtemperature in ground surface layer. As investigation object was used partlythinned 13 year old galega orientalis grass stand which is considered to beinapplicable for large scale production. Conducted investigations revealed thedynamics of root system recovery of old-age galega orientalis grass stands forsubsequent involvement of degraded grass stands into production with sustainablegreen mass yield and to produce seeds. Under influence of different rejuvenationtechniques the illumination of grass stand changed and as a result growthconditions altered. That leads to alteration in agro-physical and agro-biologicalfactors that favor yield formation. Implemented techniques improved illuminationand permeability of sun radiation to the soil surface that increases soil temperature andfavorably influences the symbiosis of legumes with resistant microorganisms and rootsystem growth. Root system entirely covers arable layer structuring it, increases thearea for nutrition as well as decreases heavy clay soils overcrust creating optimalconditions for growth of nitrogen fixing microorganisms and development of perenniallegume grasses. This technology is energy saving and leads to cost reduction andincrease of profitability