Contents of labile carbon and nitrogen under different soil management practices in a vineyard in an extremely humid year

Received: 2016-09-06 | Accepted: 2016-10-19 | Available online: 2017-03-31http://dx.doi.org/10.15414/afz.2017.20.01.16-19In a productive vineyard, the influence of different soil management practices on labile carbon and nitrogen and its dynamics of Rendzin Leptosol was studied. In 2006, an experiment of the different management practices in a productive vineyard was established in the locality of Nitra-Dražovce (part of the Nitra City), which is in the Nitra wine-growing area (Slovakia). The following treatments were established: 1. control Co (grass without fertilizers application), 2. T (tillage), 3. T + FM (tillage + farmyard manure), 4. G + NPK3 (grass + NPK 120-55-19 kg ha-1), 5. G + NPK1 (grass + NPK 80-35-135 kg ha-1). Soil samples were collected every month (0-20 cm), during the year 2010. The results showed that labile carbon content (CL) fluctuated from 1820 to 2673 mg kg-1 and the soil management practices had a statistically significant influence on CL. The CL contents under T, T + FYM, G + NPK1 and G + NPK3 increased by 6 %, 11 %, 5 % and 13 %, respectively compared to Co treatment. During 2010, the dynamics of CL found no trend in all treatments. The highest Npot content was in Co treatment (90 mg kg-1) than in other soil management practices in a vineyard. On average, there was a smaller higher value of Npot in T + FM (78 mg kg-1) than in G + NPK3 (77 mg kg-1). During 2010, the dynamics of Npot found no trend in all treatments, except Co treatment. In Co, the Npot decline at an average speed of 4.18 mg kg-1 year-1. The CL: Npot ratios were different and their values were significant correlated only with Npot (r = -0.854, P < 0.001). During 2010, the dynamics of CL: Npot ratio showed an increasing trend with time in Co treatment.Keywords: labile carbon, Rendzin Leptosol, potentially mineralizable nitrogen, vineyards, fertilizers applicationReferencesBlair, G.J. et al. (1995) Soil carbon fractions based on their degree of oxidation, and the development of a carbon management index for agricultural system. Aust. J. Agri. Res., vol. 46, pp. 1459–1466.Canellas, LP. et al. (2014) Soil organic matter quality from soils cropped by traditional peasants. Sustainable Agriculture Research, vol. 4, n. 3, pp. 63-74. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v3n4p63Fecenko, J. and Ložek, O. (2000). Nutrition and fertilization of field crops. Nitra: SUA. 452 p. (in Slovak).IUSS Working Group WRB (2006) World reference base for soil resources. World Soil Resources Reports no. 103. Rome: FAO.Janzen, H.H. et al. (1997) Soil organic matter dynamics and their relationship to soil quality. in: Gregorich, E.G. and Carter, M.R. (Eds.), Soil Quality for Crop Production and Ecosystem Health. Elservier, Amsterdam, pp. 277–291.KUZYAKOV, Y. et al. 2000. Review of mechanisms and quantification of priming effects. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, vol. 32, n. 11-12, pp. 1485–1498. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0038-0717(00)00084-5Liang B.C. and MacKenzie, A.F. (1996) Effect of fertilization on organic and microbial nitrogen using 15N under corn (Zea mays L.) in two Quebec soils. Fertil. Res., vol. 44, pp. 143–149.LoginoW, W. et al. (1987) Fractionation of organic carbon based on susceptibility to oxidation. Pol. J. Soil Sci., vol. 20, pp. 47–52.MASON, P.A. et al. (2000) Interactions of nitrogen and phosphorus on mycorrhizal development and shoot growth of Eucalyptus (Labill) seedings inoculated with two different ectomycorrhizal fungi. Forest Eco. Manage., vol. 128, pp. 259–268.Paterson, E. et al. (1997) Effect of elevated CO2 on rhizosphere carbon flow and soil microbial processes. Global Change Biol., vol. 3, pp. 363–377.Semenov, V.M. et al. (2013) Humification and Nonhumification Pathways of the Organic Matter Stabilization in Soil: A Review. Eurasian Soil Science, vol. 46, n. 4, pp. 355–368. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/S106422931304011XSTANDFORD, G. and SMITH, S. J. (1978) Oxidative release of potentially mineralizable soil nitrogen by acid permanganate extraction. Soil Science, vol. 126, n. 4, pp. 210–218.Szombathová, N. (1999) The comparison of soil carbon susceptibility to oxidation by KMnO4 solutions in different farming systems. Humic substances in the environment, vol. 1, pp. 35–39.Šimanský, V. (2013) Soil organic matter in water-stable aggregates under different soil management practices in a productive vineyard. Arch. Agron. Soil Sci., vol. 59, pp. 1207–1214. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2012.708103ŠIMANSKÝ, V. and POLLÁKOVÁ, N. (2014) Soil organic matter and sorption capacity under different soil management practices in a productive vineyard. In Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, vol. 60, no. 8, pp. 1145–1154. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2013.865837ŠIMANSKÝ, V. and JONCZAK, J. (2016) Water-stable aggregates as a key element in the stabilization of soil organic matter in the Chernozems. Carpathian journal of earth and environmental sciences, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 511-517.Tobiašová, E. et al. (2012) Influence of particle size distribution of soil on the quantity and quality of soil organic matter. Acta Fytotechnica et Zootechnica, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 13–18