Plato\u27s View of Tyranny

This dissertation explores and highlights Plato\u27s timeless and enduring insights on tyranny and the tyrannical personality in the Republic. I argue that Plato has a comprehensive and illuminating account of tyranny and, while neglected by scholars, such an account is applicable to our understanding of ethical and political life. The dissertation begins by considering the use of the term tyrant in Plato\u27s literary tradition, from Archilochus to Thucydides and Isocrates, to situate his critical view of tyranny. Then I proceed to explore the descriptive and prescriptive aspects of Plato\u27s view of tyranny in relation to Thrasymachus\u27 claim that tyranny or injustice makes one happy. I pay close attention to the fact that Plato analyzes both tyranny as a political system and the psychology of the tyrant. I argue that Plato\u27s analysis of the origins and structure of tyranny as a political system anticipates many of the causes of change and structural features we find in recent and contemporary political communities. I also point out that Plato makes a compelling case when he argues that even though the tyrant appears powerful, he is nevertheless unable to do what he wants due to his unlimited desires and to the negative effects forced upon his life due to his being a tyrannical ruler. Plato is able to show that the tyrant\u27s life of injustice and pursuit of power is unhappy and that we should not aspire to it. My dissertation contributes to an understanding of: (1) Plato\u27s view of tyranny and the tyrant, (2) the perennial political problem of tyranny in terms of its origins, goals, function, and measures it employs, (3) the tyrant as a political figure with particular desires related to his goals, actions, and measures as a ruler, and, thus (4) the relation between tyranny as a regime and the tyrant as a type of person