Stigma in psychiatric patiens

Od nekog problema mentalnog zdravlja ili mentalnog poremećaja u svijetu boluje više od 20% odrasle svjetske populacije što je dosta velik broj ljudi i upravo zbog izrazito velikog broja oboljelih, je tema stigme i zaštite osoba s mentalnim problemima i poremećajima sve prisutnija u svijetu i u Republici Hrvatskoj. Do stigme dolazi zbog neznanja, predrasuda i diskriminacije, a stupanj straha i neznanja su direktno povezani s jačinom stigmatizacije. Glavna pitanja, kada govorimo o stigmi, su kako maknuti stigmu odnosno obilježje sa pojedinca kako bi ga društvo ponovno prihvatilo u zajednicu te kako izbjeći samostigmatizaciju pojedinca i stvaranja njegove loše slike o sebi. Da bi odgovorili na ta pitanja, moramo razumjeti zašto i kako dolazi do stigme psihički bolesnih osoba, razmotriti sociodemografske karakteristike okoline kao prediktore stavova prema osobama s psihičkim bolestima, vidjeti kako stigma utječe na samu oboljelu osobu, njenu obitelj, okolinu, ali i na samu psihijatrijsku struku te zaključno, vidjeti kakvi su uvjeti zakonske zaštite osoba s psihičkim bolestima. Samu stigmu ne možemo iskorijeniti, ali možemo raditi na njenom smanjivanju i preveniranju u svrhu poboljšanja statusa psihički bolesnih osoba u društvu i zajednici, ali i njihovoj bržoj i boljoj rehabilitaciji.More than 20% of the adult world population suffers from a problem of mental health or mental disorder in the world, which is quite large number of people, and because of the extremely big number of patients, the topic of stigma and protection of individuals with mental problems and disorders is becoming more and more present in the world and in the Republic of Croatia. Stigma occurs due to ignorance, prejudice and discrimination, and the level of fear and ignorance are directly related to the severity of stigmatization. The main issues when it comes to stigma are how to remove the stigma or a mark from the individual so that society can accept him back into the community and how to avoid self-stigmatizing the individual and creating his bad self image. To answer these questions, we need to understand why and how the stigma of mentally ill persons arises, to consider the sociodemographic characteristics of the environment as predictors of attitudes toward persons with mental illness, to see how stigma affects the affected person, his family, environment, but also the psychiatric profession itself, and finally, to see what are the conditions of legal protection for people with psychiatric illness. The stigma itself cannot be eradicated, but we can work to reduce it and prevent it in order to improve the status of mentally ill persons in society and the community and their faster and better rehabilitatio