Kinesitherapeutic procedures in the treatment of chronic ankle instability

Ozljede gležnja često se pojavljuju u sportu i izvan njega te predstavljaju jednu od najzastupljenijih ozljeda općenito. Najčešće su to akutne ozljede koje čine 85% svih ozljeda gležnja i kronične ozljede kod kojih oko 20% osoba s akutnom ozljedom razvije kroničnu nestabilnost gležnja. Ovaj diplomski rad prikazat će problematiku kronične nestabilnosti gornjeg gležanjskog zgloba, odnosno pobliže objasniti građu i funkciju gležanjskih zglobova, učestalost pojave navedene ozljede, uzroke nastanka, prikazati kliničku sliku te objasniti dijagnostičke postupke za utvrđivanje ozljede i terapijske postupke. Također, bit će opisan kineziterapijski program koji će prikazati odgovarajuće vježbe kako bi se osoba u što kraćem vremenu vratila svakodnevnim i sportskim aktivnostima. Kvalitetan kineziterapijski program podrazumijeva pravilnu i postupnu primjenu vježbi kako bi osoba u prvoj fazi vratila opseg pokreta i fleksibilnost, u drugoj fazi ojačala oslabljele mišiće koji su osnova brzog oporavka i preventivna mjera kojom se smanjuje vjerojatnost ponavljanja ozljede te u trećoj fazi započela s vježbama propriocepcije i balansa u različitim uvjetima.Ankle injuries often occur in sport and outside of sport and they represent one of the most common injuries in general. The most common are acute injuries which make up 85% of all ankle injuries, and chronic injuries, where about 20% of people with acute injuries develop chronic ankle instability. This diploma thesis will present the issues of chronic instability of the upper ankle joint, explain in more detail the structure and function of the ankle joints, the frequency of occurrence of the stated injury, causes of occurrence, present the clinical picture, and explain the diagnostic procedures for injury determination and therapeutic procedures. Also, a kinesiotherapeutical program will be described, displaying appropriate excercises to help the person return to their daily and sports activities as quickly as possible. A quality kinesiotherapeutical program involves the appropriate and gradual application of exercises to: restore the range of motion and flexibility in the first phase; strengthen the weakened muscles—which are the basis of rapid recovery and a preventive measure that reduces the likelihood of recurrence of injury—in the second phase; and, in the third phase, begin with proprioception and balance exercises in different conditions