Production technology and protection of lavender (Lavandula officinalis L.)

Lamiaceae (usnače) je porodica u koju ubrajamo i biljnu vrstu prave lavande. Prava lavanda se uzgajala još u prošlosti, a prve vrste su zabilježene u 11. Stoljeću. Najstarija i najpoznatija vrsta lavande je prava lavanda (Lavandula officinalis ili Lavandula angustifolia Mill.). Ova vrsta potječe iz dijela mediteranskog područja, ali danas se uzgaja na velikim površinskim područjima. Prava lavanda kod nas se uzgaja na obalnom području, a najviše na otoku Hvaru. Lavanda pripada ljekovitom i ukrasnom bilju, a koristi se i u kuhinji kao začin. Ugodnog je i aromatičnog mirisa koji dolazi od ulja koja se stvaraju u biljkama i šarenih cvjetova. Ujedno ju koriste i za izradu eteričnih ulja, parfema, sapuna i osvježivača zraka. Tehnologija uzgoja lavande sastoji se od: pripreme tla, plodoreda, ishrane biljke, razmnožavanja, branja cvijeta, proizvodnje sjemena itd. Kako bi uzgoj bio potpun i uspješan moramo voditi brigu o zaštiti lavande. Moramo izabrati pogodno tlo za sadnju, zatim korijen sadnica tretiramo dobrim mikroorganizmima tla, tj. ojačivačima tla. Zaštita od kukaca nije potrebna jer oni ne stvaraju veliku štetu. Od kukaca se najčešće pojavljuju štitaste uši i šiškarica lavande. Ekonomski gledano lavanda je poprilično zahvalna biljka za uzgoj, jer joj nije potrebna posebna zaštita i uspjeva na neobrađenim i zapuštenim površinama.Lamiaceae is a family that includes the plant species of true lavender. True lavender was cultivated in the past, and the first species were recorded in the 11th century. The oldest and most famous type of lavender is true lavender (Lavandula officinalis or Lavandula angustifolia Mill.). This species originates from a part of the Mediterranean area, but today it is cultivated in large surface areas. True lavender is grown on the coastal area, and mostly on the island of Hvar. Lavender belongs to medicinal and ornamental plants and is also used in the kitchen as a spice. It has a pleasant and aromatic scent that comes from plants and colorful flowers. They are also used to make essential oils, perfumes, soaps and air fresheners. Lavender cultivation technology consists of: soil preparation, crop rotation, plant nutrition, propagation, flower picking, seed production, etc. In order for cultivation to be complete and successful, it has to take care to protect lavender. We need to choose a suitable soil for planting, then the root of the seedlings is treated with good soil microorganisms, i.e, soil enhancers. No insect protection is required as they do not do much damage. As far as the insects are concerned the most common are thyroid aphids and lavender clippers. Economically speaking, lavender is a pretty grateful plant to grow because it does not need special protection and thrives on untreated and neglected surfaces