Thermal Characterization of Low-Dimensional Materials by Resistance Thermometers

The design, fabrication, and use of a hotspot-producing and temperature-sensing\ua0resistance thermometer for evaluating the thermal properties of low-dimensional materials are\ua0described in this paper. The materials that are characterized include one-dimensional (1D) carbon\ua0nanotubes, and two-dimensional (2D) graphene and boron nitride films. The excellent thermal performance of these materials shows great potential for cooling electronic devices and systems\ua0such as in three-dimensional (3D) integrated chip-stacks, power amplifiers, and light-emitting\ua0diodes. The thermometers are designed to be serpentine-shaped platinum resistors serving both as\ua0hotspots and temperature sensors. By using these thermometers, the thermal performance of the\ua0abovementioned emerging low-dimensional materials was evaluated with high accuracy