Salvage award and special compensamon as insured damages

Snošenje troškova spašavanja i štete nastale akcijama pri spašavanju često je bio problem s obzirom da se radilo o velikim iznosima koje bi brodar teško mogao samostalno isplatiti ili bi ga isti troškovi mogli odvesti u propast. Nagrada za spašavanje tada je postala šteta koju pokriva redovno osiguranje. Kada je morski okoliš postao predmet spašavanja, trebalo je uvesti poseban poticaj spašavateljima – posebnu naknadu koju pokrivaju P. &. I. klubovi jer je vezana za odgovornost brodara za štete na okolišu. P. & I. klubovi su udruženja koja po načelu uzajamnosti pružaju usluge osiguranja brodova i na taj način pokrivaju između ostalog i posebnu naknadu za spašavanje. Za razliku od posebne naknade, nagrada za spašavanje je šteta osigurana premijskim osiguranjem.Coverage of salvage costs and damages caused by salvage operations was often a great problem for ship owners. In the case of successful salvage operation, ship owners had to pay very large sums of money as compensations and awards which made many of them to fill for bankruptcy. Since then, salvage award was regularly covered by the ship insurer. In later phase, maritime environment was also included in salvage operations. According to that, there was need for a special subvention which would be paid to salvage companies if they take a special care with environment while doing their salvage actions – special compensation which is covered by P. & I. clubs. P. & I. clubs are mutual insurance associations which on the basis of mutuality, provide ship insurance services and cover cost of salvage and special compensation