Analysis of combined drainage funcionality in the area of Central Sava Basin

Odjel hidromorfnih tala karakterizira suvišno vlaženje površinskim i/ili podzemnim vodama. Porijeklo suvišnih voda, intezitet vlaženja i zadržavanje u tlu uvjetovano je položajem tla u prostoru, građom profila tla te fizikalnim značajkama pedogenetskih horizonata. Suvišne vode u tlu nepovoljno utječu na pravovremene agrotehničke zahvate pri obavljanju određenih poljoprivrednih radnji. Trajanje ekološki nepovoljne mokre faze naročito je izraženo u humidnijim godinama te je problematično i nesigurno planirati poljoprivrednu proizvodnju. Za sigurniju i produktivniju biljnu proizvodnju na hidromorfnim tlima potrebno je provesti adekvatne hidromeliracijske mjere odvodnje Rad se temelji na analizi količine drenažnog istjecanja kao i na analizi prinosa uzgajanih poljoprivrednih kultura na hidromelioracijskom pokusnom polju, smještenom na području srednje Posavine. Na pokusnom polju izveden je kombinirani sustav odvodnje, s razmakom cijevi od 15 m, 20 m , 25 m i 30 m u četiri ponavljanja. U 2011. godini uzgajana je soja, dok je u 2012. godini uzgajana ozima pšenica. U sušnoj 2011. godini utvrđen je drenažni istek u vrijednosti od 21 mm na svim varijantama razmaka cijevi, dok je u humidnoj 2012. godini drenažno istjecanje zabilježeno u vrijednosti od 101 mm (20 m) do 105 mm pri razmaku između cijevi od 15 m. Prinos soje bio je podjednak na svim varijantama i kretao se od 2,29 t/ha (30 m) do 2,40 t/ha (20 m). Prinos pšenice kretao se od 5,62 t/ha (30 m) do 6,23 t/ha (15 m). Na temelju rezultata količine drenažnog isteka i postignutih prinosa, može se zaključiti da kombinirana odvodnja ima punu opravdanost u humidnijim godinama, a veća učinkovitost odvodnje suvišne vode iz tla i veći prinos postižu se na varijantama s većim razmacima između drenažnih cijevi.Hidromorphic soils are characterized by excessive humidity caused by surface and ground waters. The origin of excessive water, moisture intensity and persistence in soil is conditioned by the position of soil in the environment, soil profile structure and physical characteristics of pedogenetic horizons. Excessive water in soil has adverse impact on timely agritechnical measures during certain agricultural measures. Duration of ecologically disadvantaged wet phase is extremely expressed during humid years when planning of agricultural is difficult and uncertain. To accomplish safe and more productive output on hidromorphic soil, it's necessary to manage appropriate hidromelioration drainage. This thesis is based on analysis of drain discharge as well as on analysis of output of cultures grown on the hidromelioration experimental field placed in the area of Central Sava Basin. Combined system of drainage was performed in the experimental field and wheat distances of 15 m, 20 m, 25 m i 30 min in four repetition. In 2011. soy was cultivated, while in 2012. winter wheat was cultivated. During the dry 2011. drain discharge in all wheat variants was 21 mm, while levels of drain discharge noted in the humid 2012. were 101 mm (20 m) up to 105 mm in wheat distance of 15m. Wheat output was from 5,62 t/ha (30 m) to 6.23 t/ha (15 m). Based on the results of drain discharge levels and achieved outputs it can be concluded that in the humid years it is justifiable to use combined drainage and for better productivity in drainage of excessive water and better output variants with bigger distances between drainage wheats should be used