Identifying Factors That Contribute to the Prevalence of Obesity Among Nurses in the Acute Care Setting

Abstract Background: Obesity is the most prevalent, yet most controllable health problem threating society’s health and well-being. Nurses are a first line defense to address this pandemic, however, nurses exhibit higher incidence of obesity than the general population. When nurses are not a role model for the message they are delivering, patient care and outcomes are compromised. Objective: The purpose of an literature review is to explore current research to evaluate the prevalence of obesity among nurses in the acute care setting, identify its causative factors, determine the potential impact on patient education, and recommend possible evidenced-based solutions for the problem. Method: An integrative literature review was conducted by an extensive search to evaluate and identify the prevalence of obesity among nurses in the acute care setting, its causative factors, impact on patients, and recommended evidence-based solutions. A total of 2 databases were used to acquire relevant sources: Academic Search Complete and CINAHL. Results: Unpredictable schedules, unhealthy diet and exercise habits, demands of the job, and income levels were found to be the primary contributing factors to the prevalence of obesity among nurses in the acute care setting. Research supports that patient outcomes can be compromised and job demands cannot be met, effecting the health status of the entire healthcare system. Focusing obesity reduction among nurses, the forefront of the healthcare system, can create a public health model for the general population and allow for increased effectiveness in care delivery. Conclusions: This literature review found the significance of the messenger (nurses) embodying the message (health promotion and obesity prevention) they are sending. Nurses exemplifying the message they are providing improves their effectiveness and therefore quality of care. However, there is a need to establish effective strategies to decrease the prevalence of obesity among nurses in the acute care setting. Keywords: obesity among nurses, obese nurse, overweight nurses, and healthcare worker obesit