Barriers Hindering Cancer Clinical Research Participation and Strategies Implemented to Enhance Engagement in Research Among Hispanics

Abstract Background: Hispanics have a disproportionate incidence, mortality, screening, and survival rate in certain types of cancers, yet, they are significantly underrepresented in cancer clinical research. Objective: The purpose of this literature review was to identify barriers preventing Hispanics from participating in clinical cancer research, as well as to identify strategies being implemented that have increased the willingness of Hispanics to participate in clinical cancer research. Methods: An integrative literature review was conducted using the databases CINAHL and PubMed as well as reliable government websites such as the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Cancer Institute of Health, and the United States Census Bureau. Search terms included: Hispanic, Latinos, Cancer, research, participation, underrepresented, barriers, recruitment, and strategies. Results: Four major barriers were identified that hindered Cancer clinical research participation among Hispanics: language, insurance coverage, mistrust, and lack of knowledge on clinical research. Four major Strategies were indentified that enhanced clinical research participation among Hispanics: cultural sensitive information, community-based approach, education programs, and incentives for participation. Conclusion: Successful recruitment strategies were identified in this literature review that could aid in future Hispanic recruitment in cancer clinical research, but more studies are need to distinguish differences between Hispanic groups and their participation in cancer clinical research