Lex Mercator and Lex Agrokor in Terms of State Aid and Insolvency with an International Element

Magistrska naloga obravnava povezavo med Lex Agrokor oz. Zakonom o postopku izredne uprave v podjetjih sistemskega pomena za Republiko Hrvaško (ZPIUTD) in Lex Mercator oz. Zakonom o pogojih imenovanja izrednega člana uprave v družbah sistemskega pomena za Republiko Slovenijo (ZIČUDSP) s pogoji za nedovoljeno državno pomoč, ki so navedeni v prvem odstavku 107. člena Pogodbe o delovanju Evropske Unije (PDEU). Na začetku magistrske naloge je razčlenjena vsebina prvega odstavka 107. člena PDEU, ki obravnava državne pomoči. V tem sklopu je podrobno predstavljen vsak element, ki vpliva na to, da se ukrep šteje za nedovoljeno državno pomoč. Ti elementi so gospodarska prednost podjetju, ali je pomoč dana s strani države ali iz državnih sredstev in selektivno ter ali ukrep izkrivlja konkurenco ter vpliva na trgovino med državami članicami. V povezavi s tem so predstavljeni vidiki, zakaj se sprejetje teh zakonov lahko šteje za nedovoljeno državno pomoč, kot tudi vidiki, zakaj ne. V nadaljevanju je analizirana sodba slovenskega sodišča, s katero ni bil priznan tuj postopek zaradi insolventnosti. Predstavljen je tudi institut materialne konsolidacije, ki ga je sodišče opredelilo kot enega izmed razlogov za zavrnitev tujega postopka zaradi insolventnosti. Prav tako je predstavljena sodba sodišča Združenega Kraljestva Velike Britanije in Severne Irske, s katero je priznalo tuj postopek zaradi insolventnosti. Na koncu so predstavljeni tudi ukrepi drugih evropskih držav, s katerimi so poskušale rešiti podjetja v finančnih težavah, ki so jih štela za sistemskega pomena ter primerjava teh ukrepov z Lex Agrokor in Lex Mercator.The thesis discusses Lex Agrokor or The Law on the Extraordinary Administration in Companies of Systemic Importance for the Republic of Croatia (ZPIUTD) and Lex Mercator or Act Setting Conditions for the Appointment of Associate Members of Management Boards in Systemically Important Companies in the Republic of Slovenia (ZIČUDSP). It investigates the links between the two acts and the conditions for unlawful State aid, which are set out in Article 107 (1) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). The first paragraph of Article 107 of TFEU, which deals with State aid, is broken down at the beginning of the thesis, where each condition affecting the measure to be regarded as State aid is discussed. The conditions are that economic advantage is given to a company, the aid is granted by a Member State or through State resources, selectivity, and that the measure distorts competition and affects trade between Member States. Arguments are given on whether the two acts should be considered a State aid or not. An analysis of a judgment of a Slovenian court that did not recognize foreign insolvency proceedings follows. Next, the Institute of substantive consolidation is examined. The court identified it as one of the reasons for refusing the recognition of foreign insolvency procedure. Deliberation on a judgment of the court of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, which recognized foreign insolvency proceedings, follows. Finally, the actions of other European countries through which they sought to rescue companies in financial troubles that they considered to be of systemic importance and a comparison of these measures with Lex Mercator and Lex Agrokor is presented