Optimisation of torsional and bending beams that are built with additive manufacturing

V današnjem svetu se stremi k čim večji varčnosti proizvodnje. Povsod, kjer je prototipna izdelava stroškovno in časovno velik zalogaj, se je začelo uvajati nove tehnologije izdelave prototipnih modelov. V diplomskem delu se raziskuje in dokazuje možnost uporabe polvotlih profilov za prototipno izdelavo, hkrati pa se nadzoruje parametre vzdržljivosti in odpornosti izdelkov narejenih, z dodajnimi tehnologijami. Pri tem se je uporabljalo metodo ciljnega nalaganja polimernega filamenta. Uporabljeni material je termoplast PLA. Nosilci za kombinirane obremenitve so bili uspešno narejeni, prav tako kosi za tlačne preskuse in prepustnost. Vsi kosi so bili testirani in iz teh rezultatov lahko sklepamo, da omogočajo dobro podlago za nadaljnjo raziskavo s tega področja. Izdelani kosi so bili orientirani v različnih smereh, kar je dajalo rezultate, ki so dokazovali učinek in vpliv nehomogenosti materiala ter razslojevanje. Eden izmed namenov te naloge je bil raziskati vpliv anizotropije oziroma razslojevanja materiala v odvisnosti od orientacije izdelave. dokazali smo, da so razlike v mehanskih lastnostih zaradi smeri proizvajanja, pri čemer smo kose razvrstilo tudi po funkciji.Nowadays companies aim for faster and more efficient mass production. One phase of such a production is prototype modelling, that requires a lot of time and money. That is why many prototypes are made by additive manufacturing technologies. This thesis deals with developing the most effective inner supporting structure for the hollow beams, estimating its endurance for multiaxial loading and proving usability for prototype construction. Technologies and material used for production of beams were Fused Deposition Modelling and PLA thermoplastic material. All the experiments were succesfully carried out for compressive and combined loading. Besides, a permeability of the inner supporting structure was checked and the studied supporting structures were proven to have a potential for further research and development. Prototype specimens were manufactured with different orientations to assess the influence of anisotropy to the strength of the beams. The important aspect was to investigate differences in strength that result from orientation during the manufacturing process. These results then served as criteria for classification of beams. The research also points out, that FDM technology is not the best for prototype production, despite it is more commonly avaliable than the better additive manufacturing technology, i.e. Powder Bed Fusion