Hermeneutical Approaches in New Testament Studies: Galatians 2:11–14 as a Test Case in the Search for a Suitable Methodology

The discipline of New Testament Studies is challenged by the ever-increasing number of approaches to biblical exegesis. However, these approaches provide new angles and insightful nuances. Today, hermeneutical approaches feature a wide spectrum from detached objectivity to preposterous subjectivity. So, how to decide which methodologies provide meaningful and appropriate interpretations? Chapter one explores how recognized methodologies developed along with its orientations: diachronic, synchronic, and a-chronic. Respectively, these have as formative orientation the author, the text, and the reader. I investigate whether the principle of suspicion—intrinsic to Biblical Studies—is harmful. In the following chapters I use Galatians 2:11–14 as test case; a complex text shown by the diverse interpretations. The second and third chapters explore what is paramount to sound interpretation employing Narrative Criticism and Social-Scientific Criticism. Under the influence of suspicion, doubt is produced; however, the same approach can produce satisfactory results without those presuppositions. Scholars still doubt the validity of Paul’s remarks for various reasons. A hermeneutic of trust brings the narrative and social elements together to present a cohesive picture of what Paul intended with his personal story. The crux issue of finding approaches suitable for exegesis may be resolved when we allow the text to challenge us