Emphysematous cystitis

Emphysematous cystitis is a rare form of complicated urinary tract infection characterized by gas inside the bladder and in the bladder wall. While the exact mechanisms underlying gas formation are not clear, gas-producing pathogens are clearly implicated in severe infection. E coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the most common organisms associated with emphysematous cystitis; others include Proteus mirabilis, and Enterobacter and Streptococcus species