Evaluation of Educational Intervention and Management of Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Diabetes is a costly disease with devastating consequences. Patients with poor glucose control whether due to inadequate medical care or limited self-care are most at risk for complications. Evidence supports the efficacy of multifaceted interventions in the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Patient education, assessing behavioral and psychosocial elements, and focusing on lifestyle change (e.g. diet and exercise) are interventions shown to enhance self-efficacy and promote patient empowerment (Knight, Dornan, & Bundy, 2005). Study Design: A retrospective chart review of 104 patients with established T2DM was conducted along with a qualitative interview with providers focused on management practices. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 22 using Chi-square tests and the paired t-test. Objectives: The goals of this project were to report the current usage of available educational materials for T2DM and the effect of that education on glycated hemoglobin A1C levels (HgA1C) and weight. Additionally the utilization of glucose lowering medications was reviewed for adherence to guidelines from the American Diabetes Association. Results: There was a significant reduction in HgA1C in those patients who received printed educational materials. Although not statistically significant, patients who received weight management materials had a weight reduction. Providers voiced not knowing the best methods for delivery of diabetic education. Conclusions: The gap analysis for this project has shown that education and medication interventions have a positive influence on the management of patients with T2DM. Providers, though committed to education, need a consistent approach