Dynamics of the transcriptome and proteome in regions of the brain differ considerably

Human brain research is advancing, facilitated by improved high-throughput techniques and systematically preservation of brain tissue in brain banks. Due to the complex organization and regulation of the brain, most studies only focus on a single aspect of healthy and diseased samples. This research integrates analyses of the transcriptome and proteome of 7 brain regions to comprehend global and region specific dynamics. We show ageing influences the global transcriptome on the cytoplasm, exosome and cell-membrane processes, while proteins are largely unaffected. The difference between regions is primarily characterised by protein abundances, since the transcript abundances show more uniform behavior over the different regions. Interaction analysis reveals the amount of interactions on the transcriptomic level to be much larger compared to the proteomic level, while the proteomic interactions correspond more to online databases. We find highly similar interactions in all brain regions, however we identified a group of transcripts and proteins interacting differently in one region. Alzheimer related transcripts and proteins demonstrate that within a biological level the abundance values are quite similar for all brain regions, but large differences are found between the levels. High degree confidence interactions in the transcriptomic level are also different from the proteomic level. Celltype composition is region specific and effects the transcriptome and proteome of the region in different ways. Alltogether we demonstrate the complex behavior of different biological levels in the brain, emphasizing the importance of evaluating multiple elements when studying the brain.Computer Science | Bioinformatic