Smart city projects in the continuity of the urban socio-technical regime: The French case

International audienceThe purpose of the article is to assess whether smart city projects developed in France represent continuity or a breakwith the established socio-technical regime of French cities. Our assessment attempts to establish a link between the mainsocio-technical features of French cities in existing literature and an exhaustive list of “smart city”-labelled projects compiledfrom twenty French cities. It reveals more of continuity than a break with the urban socio-technical regime generated by theseprojects. Technologies are not evenly developed along different domains: the fact that the most sophisticated innovations playout in the regulation of networks rather than in e-government reinforces an old two-speed urban modernisation. The mainlytechnological character of these projects is part of the continuity of a depoliticised strategy for managing technical matters.Co-production opportunities renew a tradition of local management and processing of grievances. Traditional public-privatepartnerships are only partially modified