Aproximación al estudio de las estrategias didácticas en ciencias experimentales en formación inicial del profesorado de Educación Secundaria: descripción de una experiencia

An activity geared towards the initial training of secondary school teachers specializing in experimental sciences is described in this paper. The activity is conceived as an attempt to approach the study of different didactical strategies of a constructivist frame which included a number of case studies, four in all: "discovery learning", "conceptual change", "research teaching by setting problems" and "approaches CTS". Each of the strategies consisted of sequences of activities aimed at students in compulsory secondary education. Guides notes of analysis accompanied the four cases. These guides were a series of questions that students had to answer. In this manner the work of the students was oriented and the whole activity was developed. The activity was carried out with groups of MAES students specializing in "Physics and Chemistry" and "Biology and Geology" and their results were reported in another study published in parallel to it.Se fundamenta y describe una actividad orientada a la formación inicial de profesores de secundaria de especialidades de ciencias experimentales. La actividad está planteada como intento de aproximación al estudio de distintas estrategias didácticas, más o menos insertas dentro del marco socio-constructivista: “aprendizaje por descubrimiento”, “cambio conceptual”, “enseñanza por investigación entorno a problemas” y “enfoques CTS”. La actividad incluye una serie de estudios de caso (cuatro en total, uno para cada estrategia analizada) consistente en supuestos de secuencias de actividades dirigidas a alumnos de educación secundaria obligatoria. Acompañando a los cuatro casos se proporciona un guión de análisis consistente en una serie de preguntas que los alumnos tienen que responder, como forma de orientar el trabajo y de articular el desarrollo de la actividad en su conjunto. La actividad fue ensayada con grupos de alumnos del MAES (Máster de Educación Secundaria) de especialidades de “Física y Química” y de “Biología y geología”, y sus resultados expuestos en otro estudio publicado en paralelo a éste.Palabras claves: enseñanza de las ciencias; estrategias didácticas; formación del profesorado de educación secundaria; recursos en formación docente; secuencias didácticas.Approach to the study of didactic strategies in experimental sciences in initial training of secondary school teachers: description of an experienceAn activity geared towards the initial training of secondary school teachers specializing in experimental sciences is described in this paper. The activity is conceived as an attempt to approach the study of different didactical strategies of a constructivist frame which included a number of case studies, four in all: "discovery learning", "conceptual change", "research teaching by setting problems" and "approaches CTS". Each of the strategies consisted of sequences of activities aimed at students in compulsory secondary education. Guides notes of analysis accompanied the four cases. These guides were a series of questions that students had to answer. In this manner the work of the students was oriented and the whole activity was developed. The activity was carried out with groups of MAES students specializing in "Physics and Chemistry" and "Biology and Geology" and their results were reported in another study published in parallel to it.Keywords: science teaching; didactics strategies; training of secondary school teachers; resource for teachers; didactic sequence