A Comparison Between Grip Strength and Swing Velocity in Female Collegiate Division II Softball players*

The purpose of this study is to test the correlation between grip strength and bat velocity in collegiate Division II Softball players. All athletes are NCAA eligible and are registered through the GCSU Athletic Department. There are 19 subjects that will be volunteering in this study. A five minute dynamic warm-up will be conducted. The testing battery will include: anthropometric measures including height, mass, age, and gender. Measurement of grip strength using the (Takei 5001-5101) hand grip dynamometer, and maximal swing velocity will be assessed using the Speed Stik (a bat shaped rod that is used in a swinging motion to determine the velocity of the swing). Each subject swing the Speed Stik five times and take the peak velocity for each subject. All data will be coded and collected with anonymity of the subjects\u27 performance outcomes. Body composition assessment is a common tool used in the determination of total body fat percentage and lean body mass in regards to overall health status. The purpose of this research study is to compare the InBody 570 Analyzer and Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) unit to obtain percent body fat values in college-aged students. Although both machines have their advantages and disadvantages, this research aims to compare the less invasive bioelectrical impedance procedure to the gold standard DEXA. Twenty healthy college-aged subjects of both genders will be recruited to participate in this study. The results of this study will be valuable to the general population by assessing the efficacy and validity of the InBody 570 Analyzer. A fourteen-year-old high school basketball player presented with severe pain in mid thoracic spinal pain. After x-ray imaging, it was determined that the patient had a 14-degree curve, which was deemed mild scoliosis. Imaging was ordered every 6 months to monitor the progression of the curve. Over the next year the curve progressed to a 42-degree curve (severe scoliosis), and then eventually stopped at a 48-degree curve at age fifteen. Two years later the curve had progressed to a 58-degree curve and surgical measures were required. Post surgical complications led to a pulmonary embolism attached to the inferior boarder of the left rib cage. Prior to surgery, the doctor attempted to slow the curvature by using a Charleston Bending Brace. The brace was not as effective. Two years later the curve continued and surgery became necessary. The doctor used a spinal fusion technique to permanently stop the thoracic spine from moving. Two eighteen inch titanium rods, two medical wires, and sixteen screws were used to fuse T6-L3 of the patient\u27s spine. Hospitalization lasted six days, bed rest for three weeks, and no contact sports for six months. A pulmonary embolism developed one-week post hospital release, which required treatment in the intensive care unit of the hospital for an additional four days. The patient was then referred to a hematologist for ongoing care for the next six months. A blood thinner, Lovenox, was used to treat the pulmonary embolism for three months. The athletic trainer was instructed to work on core stability and progressive functional moving drills for basketball with the patient. No mandatory physical therapy was needed based on the type of surgery and the instrumentation put in place. Four years after the initial surgery the patient developed pain on the inferior boarder of the scapula. X-ray imaging showed the right titanium rod shifted slightly. Plyometric physical therapy was utilized and was successful, but over a six-month period the patient became sick with bronchitis and mononucleosis. The patient lost fifty pounds and developed pocketing edema in the lumbar region of the spine. Blood testing was done and the complete blood count (CBC) showed a level of 1800, well in the positive range for infection. Immediate surgery was done to remove the infection in the patient. In the doctor\u27s extensive experience of thousands of these type surgeries, this was the only patient to have the rods and screws removed this far past the operation due to an unknown source of contamination. After the 3 month regimen of antibiotics, the infection was completely cleared, and the patient made a full recovery. Currently the common belief is that people of a certain race are more likely to commit certain crimes. This theory only takes into account race and gender. By going through this data of inmates I will look for patterns to discover common characteristics of four types of crime with more information than race and gender. The characteristics that I will be measuring in order to determine this are sex, age, race, Hispanic ethnicity, and level of education completed education. The categories of crimes committed are violent offenses, property offenses, drug offenses, and cybercrimes. As the number of states currently practicing capital punishment declines, and states that continue to practice introduce complications of their own, there are further concerns to investigate as the remaining states continue practicing. These concerns may include a correlation between welfare distribution in the state and the amount of post conviction relief granted to individuals. Do the patterns of welfare distribution in remaining practicing states attribute to post conviction relief that is granted? As capital punishment approval declines, and welfare becomes a prevalent economic concern, it is important to investigate the possible relationship between these two concepts. These variables fit my research question with welfare serving as my independent variable and capital punishment relief as my dependent variable. The states that continue practicing capital punishment will frame as to where my research will stem from. My research will consist of secondary data analysis of the data source below. Part one of my data source contains variables that coincide with the concepts stated in my research question, which include practicing states, welfare recipients, and granted relief