This study purpose to examine (1) the effect of debt to equity ratio to the income smoothing, (2) the effect of the company size to the income smoothing, and (3) the effect of net profit margin to the income smoothing in property and real estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. To identify the companies doing income smoothing, the Eckel Index was used. The result of Eckel Index calculation showed that income smoothing was done by some property and real estate companies . The population in this study is a real estate and property company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2010 until 2012. Sample selection purposive sampling method, research is 26 company. Data obtained from the Financial Report issued in Indon...
Income smoothing is defined as a deliberate action taken by a manager to reduce fluctuations in earn...
This study aimed to examine the influence of a company's characteristics on income smoothing practic...
The aimed of this study was to examine the influence of company size, profitability, operating lever...
The purpose of this study is to determine how much influence the size of the company, Institutional ...
Income smoothing is defined as a form of earning management taken by the managers to reduce the earn...
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of company size, profitability, cash holding, ...
This study wanted to test whether the profitability, financial leverage and size of the company infl...
The objective of this research is to obtain empirical evidence about the effect of company size, fi...
Income smoothiin is defined asa practice by management to stabilize reported earnings. The study aim...
This study aimed to examine the effect of profitability ratios, firm size, firm value and financial...
The objective of this research is to identify the factors which have influence on income smoothing a...
<p>The aimed of this study was to examine the influence of company's characterictics toward income s...
The current research aimed to know if there is influence of Return on Assets (ROA), Debt to Equity R...
The purpose of this research is to know that the measure of company, the ratio of p...
The purpose of this research is to obtain empirical evidence about the effect of profitability, fina...
Income smoothing is defined as a deliberate action taken by a manager to reduce fluctuations in earn...
This study aimed to examine the influence of a company's characteristics on income smoothing practic...
The aimed of this study was to examine the influence of company size, profitability, operating lever...
The purpose of this study is to determine how much influence the size of the company, Institutional ...
Income smoothing is defined as a form of earning management taken by the managers to reduce the earn...
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of company size, profitability, cash holding, ...
This study wanted to test whether the profitability, financial leverage and size of the company infl...
The objective of this research is to obtain empirical evidence about the effect of company size, fi...
Income smoothiin is defined asa practice by management to stabilize reported earnings. The study aim...
This study aimed to examine the effect of profitability ratios, firm size, firm value and financial...
The objective of this research is to identify the factors which have influence on income smoothing a...
<p>The aimed of this study was to examine the influence of company's characterictics toward income s...
The current research aimed to know if there is influence of Return on Assets (ROA), Debt to Equity R...
The purpose of this research is to know that the measure of company, the ratio of p...
The purpose of this research is to obtain empirical evidence about the effect of profitability, fina...
Income smoothing is defined as a deliberate action taken by a manager to reduce fluctuations in earn...
This study aimed to examine the influence of a company's characteristics on income smoothing practic...
The aimed of this study was to examine the influence of company size, profitability, operating lever...