State-of-the-art of Fly Ash Engineering Property I

Crucial properties of Fly ash such as Classification criteria, Grain size distribution, Specific gravity, Compaction behavior, Permeability, Consolidation test, and Direct Shear Tests are discussed in this paper. More details and features about fly ash in Unconfined Compression, Self-hardening, Unconsolidated Undrained Triaxial Compression Test, Drained triaxial tests, and CIU triaxial tests, will be presented in the next paper. Large amount of data shows that geotechnical properties of fly ash are correlated with chemical composition. Most fly ash can be classified as sandy silt to silty sand or fine sand, and the specific gravity of fly ash depends on fineness, loss on ignition (LOI), mineralogy, and iron content. Moreover, the residual carbon content controls the compaction characteristics, even though other factors like gradation, iron content, morphology, etc. are also important. Class C fly ash is less permeable but shows a higher consolidation pressure resistance than class F fly ash