Anti-Alzheimer Activity of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Butea monosperma leaves

Objective: The key objective of the study is to evaluate Anti-Alzheimer activity of hydroalcholic extracts of Butea monosperma leaves (BMLE) by streptozotocin induced Alzhemier. Butea monosperma (Lam.) is medium size tree belonging to family Leguminoceae. It is reported to have numerous uses in the indigenous system of medicine in India. Material and Methods: AD was induced by streptozotocin i.e. STZ (3 mg/kg, ICV) day 1st and 3rd day after surgery. Surgery was done on anesthetized rats by the help of stereotaxic apparatus. STZ induced AD rats were treated with ethanolic extracts of Butea monosperma (100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) for 14 days. Effect of BMLE in AD rats were assessed by estimating inflexion ratio in EPM and the alteration in the behavior (Y maze apparatus), biochemical parameter in the brain tissue acetylcholinesterase (AchE) . Result: The preliminary phytochemical investigation of BMLE showned the presence of carbohydrates, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, fixed oil, vitamin C, proteins and amino acids.Extracts at dose levels of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/ kg showed a significant elevation in inflexion ratio in elevated plus maze and elevation in percentage alternation in Y-maze model. A significant decline in brain AChE level was noted in animals treated with extracts in both models. Conclusion: These results suggest that, the Anti-Alzheimer effect of BMLE might be due to enhancement of cholinergic neurotransmission through inhibition of AChE activity. Keywords: Butea monosperma, Streptozotocin, Plus Maze, Y-Maze, Acetylcholinesteras