PROSES BERPIKIR KREATIF SISWA SMA DALAM MEMECAHKAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA OPENENDED DITINJAU DARI KEMAMPUAN MATEMATIKA

AbstrakTantangan masa depan dengan persaingan yang semakin ketat memerlukan kompetensi lulusan yang tidakhanya terampil namun juga kreatif. Proses berpikir kreatif merupakan proses berpikir seseorang dalammenemukan ide baru dengan cara sintesis ide, membangun ide, merencanakan penerapan ide, dan menerapkanide. Untuk mengetahui proses berpikir kreatif siswa, guru dapat memberikan masalah matematika yang openended. Siswa memecahkan masalah tersebut dengan ide yang berbeda-beda berdasarkan kemampuan yangdimilikinya. Apabila proses berpikir kreatif siswa dengan tingkat kemampuan matematika berbeda dapatdideskripsikan diharapkan bisa bermanfaat untuk mengoptimalkan pembelajaran matematika. Tujuan daripenelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan proses berpikir kreatif siswa SMA dalam memecahkan masalah matematikaopen-ended ditinjau dari kemampuan matematika. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dikelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Sidoarjo. Berdasarkan hasil tes kemampuan matematika, siswa dikelompokkan dalamtiga kategori yaitu tinggi, sedang dan rendah. Kemudian, setiap kategori dipilih satu siswa sebagai subjek dalampenelitian ini. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah metode tes dan wawancara.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proses berpikir kreatif siswa berkemampuan matematika tinggi dalam(1)tahap menyintesis ide berdasarkan pengalaman belajar di kelas, dengan melihat gambar, rumus-rumus bangundatar dan ukurannya; (2)tahap membangun ide, mempertimbangkan kemudahan cara dalam menggunakan rumusyang sudah diketahui, subjek menggunakan rumus bangun datar yang lain; (3)tahap merencanakan penerapanide, dilakukan dengan lancar dan produktif; (4)tahap menerapkan ide, subjek memenuhi semua aspek berpikirkreatif.Proses berpikir kreatif siswa berkemampuan matematika sedang dalam (1)tahap menyintesis ideberdasarkan pengalaman belajar di kelas, dengan melihat gambar dan rumus-rumus bangun datar; (2)tahapmembangun ide mempertimbangkan kesesuaian hasil akhir dari cara berbeda, menggunakan rumus bangun datarlain; (3)tahap merencanakan penerapan ide, dilakukan dengan dengan lancar dan produktif, menggunakan carayang lebih sederhana; (4)tahap menerapkan ide, subjek memenuhi semua aspek berpikir kreatif.Proses berpikir kreatif siswa berkemampuan matematika rendah dalam (1)menyintesis ide berdasarkan padapengalaman belajar di kelas, dengan melihat gambar dan rumus bangun datar; (2)tahap membangun idemenggunakan rumus bangun datar yang diketahui, mempertimbangkan kemudahan cara dengan memperhatikanhal-hal yang diketahui dari masalah tersebut; (3)tahap merencanakan penerapan ide, dilakukan dengan tidakproduktif; (4)tahap menerapkan ide, subjek tidak memenuhi aspek berpikir kreatif.Kata kunci: Proses Berpikir Kreatif, Masalah Matematika Open-ended, Kemampuan Matematika.AbstractThe challenges of the future with increasingly fierce competition requires competence of graduates who arenot only skilled but also creative. The process of creative thinking is the thought process of someone to find anew idea by synthesizing the idea, building the idea, planning the application of the idea, and applying it. Toknow the process of creative thinking of students, teachers can give open-ended mathematic problem. Studentssolve the problem with their ideas based on their abilities. If the process of creative thinking of students withdifferent levels of math skills can be described, is expected to be useful for optimizing the learning ofmathematics. The purpose of this research is to describe the process of creative thinking of senior high schoolstudents in open-ended mathematic problem solving based on mathematic ability of student. This research is aqualitative descriptive research in 11th grade of SMA Negeri 1 Sidoarjo. Based on the results of math skill test,students are grouped into three categories, they are high, intermediate, and low capability students. Next, fromeach category is selected one student as a subject for this research. Data collection methods that are used are themethod of tests and interviews.The result showed that the creative thinking processes of student who have high mathematic ability in (1)the stage of synthesizing idea, she depending on the formula that had been taught, by saw the picture, theformulas of the planes and its measures; (2) in the stage of building the idea, she was considering the easiest wayin using the formula that was known, she also was using the formula of the other plane; (3)in the stage ofplanning the implementation of the idea, she was answering fluently and productively; (4) in the stage ofapplying ideas, she was fulfilling all aspects of creative thinking."> The creative thinking processes of student who have intermediate mathematic ability in (1) the stage ofsynthesizing ideas based on his learning experience in the classroom, by saw the picture and the formulas of theplanes; (2) in the stage of building the idea, he was considering in common end result by using in various ways;(3) in the stage of planning the implementation of the idea, he was answering fluently and productively, he wasusing a more simple way; (4) in the stage of applying ideas, he was fulfilling all aspects of creative thinking.The creative thinking processes of student who have low mathematic ability in (1) the stage of synthesizingideas based on her learning experience in the classroom, by saw the picture and the formula of the plane; (2) thestage of building the idea, she was using the formula of plane that is known, and she was considering a moresimple way by paying attention something that was given in the problem; (3) the stage of planning theimplementation of the idea, she was answering unproductively; (4) in stages of applying the idea, she wasn’tfulfilling all aspects of creative thinking.Keywords: Creative Thinking Processes, Open-ended Mathematical Problems, Mathematical Ability