Judicial framework legal of desertification: Tingopaccha, Junín case

La presente investigación abarcó un estudio del marco jurídico, nacional e internacional, que regula un problema que se creía ajeno a nuestra realidad, la desertificación, consistente en la degradación de la tierra. Empero, como el Derecho tiene que ser analizado de forma casuística, se tuvo como referencia el caso suscitado en la Comunidad campesina de Tingopaccha, anexo de Acolla, provincia de Jauja-Junín, originado por el monocultivo de maca en grandes extensiones. Es así que, cuando se realizó el trabajo de campo se observó que el daño ocasionado en el paraje Juchupampa era más grave de lo mencionado en el expediente administrativo. No obstante, a pesar de lo mediático que se hizo este problema se pudo comprobar que subsiste, ya que se continúa realizando monocultivos de maca, incluso en tierras vírgenes. De ese modo, se pudo corroborar que existen muchos instrumentos legales que pueden hacerle frente a la desertificación, como: la Convención de las Naciones Unidas para la Lucha contra la Desertificación, el Plan Estratégico Decenal 2008-2018, la Ley Forestal y de Fauna Silvestre, la Estrategia Nacional de Lucha contra la Desertificación 2016-2030, entre otros. En conclusión el problema no reside en el ordenamiento jurídico sino en los operadores jurídicos que la aplican; asimismo, que para combatir esto, más allá de que exista una sanción pecuniaria, es necesario que se sancione esta conducta como delito contemplando como agravante el monocultivo.The present investigation included a study of the legal framework, national and international, that regulates a problem that was thought alien to our reality, desertification, consisting of the degradation of the earth. However, as the law has to be analyzed in a casuistic form, reference was made to the case raised in the peasant community of Tingopaccha, Acolla annex, province of Jauja-Junín, originated by the monoculture of maca in large extensions. So that, when the field work took place it was observed that damage in the places of Juchupampa, it was more serious than mentioned in the administrative file. Nevertheless, in spite of the mediatic nature of this problem, it could be proven that it still exists, since monocultures of maca are still being carried out, even in virgin lands. Nevertheless, in spite of the mediatic nature of this problem, it could be proven that it still exists, since monocultures of maca are still being carried out, even in virgin lands. In this way, it was possible to corroborate that there are many legal instruments that can cope with desertification, such as: the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification, the 2008-2018 Strategic Plan, the Forestry and Wildlife Law, the National Strategy to Combat Desertifications 2016-2030, among others. In conclusion, the problem lies not in the legal system but in the legal operators that apply it; likewise, that in order to combat this, beyond the existence of a pecuniary sanction, it is necessary that this behavior be sanctioned as an offense, considering the monoculture as an aggravating circumstance