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A SALUTARY INFLUENCE In her first report to the General in the fall of 1959, Mrs. Smoke reminded him that "acquiring books in larger numbers than there is staff to administer them is always disastrous." During her tenure (she retired in 1974) the professionally trained staff increased from three to eight; the amount spent on the library increased sixfold; and the size of the book collection increased from 89,010 volumes to 204,575, or by about 7,000 volumes annually.182 The number of periodicals being received in 1974 was 1,398. Copying machines made their first appearances in the 1960s. Interlibrary loan service had been available for many years, but was little used. During 1945- 1946 there were only thirty-eight transactions. By the end of the 1960s the College participated in several cooperative programs which brought the facilities of major libraries in Pennsylvania and other states within prompt reach of a Gettysburg faculty member or student. All of these developments coincided with greatly enlarged demands upon the library. As students were encouraged to be more responsible for their own learning, and as the College increased its emphasis upon scholarly activity by the faculty, more persons used the many different resources which the library had to offer.183 The long-range development plan of 1972 focused on a "library learning center" as the College's "first priority capital project." Since she was approaching her desired time of retirement and believed that someone who would be directing the new library should have a major part in designing it, Lillian Smoke resigned in 1974 and James H. Richards was appointed to succeed her. The dream of 1972 became a reality when on April 22,1981 many volunteers moved the collection from the old building to the new. Four years later, as of June 30,1985, the librarian reported that it included 292,434 printed volumes, 7,000 pamphlets, 1,306 periodicals, 22,205 microforms (reels, fiche, and prints), 11,457 recordings, and 11,225 slides. Exclusive of salaries and wages, the College spent more than $344,000 on its library during 1984-1985.184 The Musselman Library was designed to include space for the proper care of a number of valuable gifts which the College had received over the years, including some presented after 1945. 182The accession registers from which these latter figures were taken were begun in 1834 and were last used to record entries in September 1974. The totals include books removed from the collection. 183The April 1975 issue of the alumni bulletin (pp. 4-16) contains a useful description of the library as it existed at that time, presented in the context of current national developments in library management. 184According to the Yearbook of Higher Education: A Directory of Colleges and Universities, 1984-1985, 16th ed. (Chicago, 1984), pp. 484-523, Allegheny reported 291,188 volumes in its library; Bucknell, 433,214; Dickinson, 365,729; Franklin and Marshall, 203,000 books and periodicals; Gettysburg, 277,000 volumes; Muhlenberg, 175,000; and Washington and Jefferson, 189,390. See p. 577n. 89