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A GREATER GETTYSBURG 1930s and 1940s, women's customs were briefer in duration than men's and intended to be more direct in orienting freshmen to life at Gettysburg College.374 A review of the Gettysburg experience during the years from 1904 to 1945 will yield sufficient evidence to warrant the conclusion that, overall, student discipline was not a major problem. There were, to be sure, some positions both students and faculty took which the other would not accept. The crisis resulting from the occasional confrontations over important issues produced few casualties and left a minimum of ill-feeling. In his commentary for the 1911 Spectrum, Professor Stahley wrote that measures taken to maintain discipline during 1909-1910 had been "severe enough to impress, but not to crush." He could have written the same thing about most, if not all, other years. Few students were ever expelled with no hope of being reinstated at some future time. Even when they were strongly resisting each other, students and faculty usually demonstrated an understanding of the other's position. In the matter of compulsory church attendance, faculty and trustees finally and quietly yielded to the students. In the matter of hazing, the faculty eventually and reluctantly accepted a method of daylight freshman discipline which did not fall within its definition of the forbidden practice, but fraternity hazing continued. In the matter of cheating, which was usually an individual's offense, both students and faculty cooperated in what turned out to be inconclusive efforts to minimize the practice. In the matter of compulsory chapel, the faculty and trustees held their groupd; the issue was far from resolved in 1945. During his long presidency, Henry W. A. Hanson formulated old convictions about student behavior in terms which differed from those of his predecessors and which reflected his own personality as well as nearly two decades of experience as a parish pastor. There was really nothing new in his statement that cheating, drinking, and immorality were three forbidden acts at Gettysburg. President Krauth could have said the same thing, and probably did. What was new was the high degree to which Hanson appealed to whatever gentlemanly instincts students had and the extent to which he relied upon moral suasion rather than sanctions in persuading students to conform to the traditional standards of behavior. In its issue of October 2, 1930, the Gettysburgian reported that someone had removed the names pasted on the chapel seats and used for verifying 374The U.L.C.A. survey team included in their report a list of freshman customs as published in the student handbook of one Lutheran college and noted without comment the following statement later on in the same publication: "Let them say what they please, men are above kindergarten actions." Perhaps no comment was needed to establish their point, but it should be noted that they were using the Gettysburg G- Book as their example. U.L.C.A. Survey, 2:366-367. 67