Анализ теоретических подходов к оценке влияния транспорта на экономический рост региона

The paper discusses two different approaches to the assessment of the impact of transport on economic growth in the region: the spatial and regional. The first approach involves the analysis of the process of placing the concentration of businesses and industries move from one region to another, and the second - was built on the principles of respect to the uniform placement of economic activity in the space.It was noted at the present time there is a certain complexity of the transition from a regional to a spatial approach. This is reflected in the absence of a clear understanding of theoretical foundations. In the first approach, the terms used most frequently: the approach to the production of sources of raw materials, fuel, energy, and places of consumption of finished products; concentration of production processes in certain areas. And in the second - even distribution of production on the territory of the country; specialization economy of certain regions in order to maximize the effect of the territorial division of labor; comprehensive economic development of regions.Created economic zoning is the most successful attempt of territorial management reforms in Russia. The most responsive to the needs of society, its various social layers of life and economy. There is maximum registration of economic factors: transport and economic links between the regions and within them, with the necessary respect for the principles of specialization areas and the complexity of their development. But at the same time, the departmental management approach has created disunity of various modes of transport, poor transport services economic complex, a large backlog in the development of transport hubs etc.Currently the persistent hostility is overcome to such terms as "plan", "specialization", and “intensification". Scientific research focuses on the synthesis of planned and market institutions, where the factors stimulating the development of port infrastructure, act now not only as a natural resource, economic and social, economic, but as the market factors also.It is concluded that it is important to identify the most significant factors influencing the economic growth of the region. One possible way of assessing the impact of transport on the economy of the region is a combination of the two approaches. This will create a tailored, original method of assessing the impact on the economy of the region, which will take into account the specifics of the region's economy and transport in modern conditions.В работе рассматриваются два основных подхода к оценке влияния транспорта на экономический рост региона. Пространственный подход связан с анализом процессов концентрации размещении, перемещении предприятий и отраслей из одних регионов в другие. Региональный подход строился на принципах относительно равномерного размещения экономической активности в пространстве.Делается вывод, что важно определить наиболее значимые факторы, влияющие на экономический рост региона. Возможным способом оценки влияния транспорта на экономику региона является сочетание двух подходов. Это позволит создать адаптированный, незаимствованный метод оценки влияния на экономику региона, в котором будут учитываться специфика экономики региона и транспорта в современных условиях