PENGARUH KOMBINASI PLASTICIZER TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK EDIBLE FILM DARI KARAGENAN DAN LILIN LEBAH - (The Effect of Plasticizer Combination on Characteristics of Edible Film from Carrageenan and Beeswax)

Edible film based on beeswax and carrageenan has been made using two types of plasticizers namely glycerol and sugar. Glycerol at a fixed concentration of 1% was combined with sugar (fructose, glucose and sucrose) each at three concentration levels of 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% w /vt. Edible film has water content, thickness, tensile strength, elongation and vapor transmission rate respectively 13.69-14.91%, 0.059-0.102 mm, 12.62-32.40 MPa, 13.34-43.57% and 17.65-25.38 g/m2/24 hours. The enhancement in plasticizer concentration resulted increasement of moisture content, thickness, elongation and water vapor transmission rate but decreased its tensile strength. All edible films showed lightness in range 84.45-85.61. Edible films with glycerol-sucrose plasticizer showed the lowest lightness. The scanning electron microscopy results indicated that edible films treated with plasticizer glycerol-fructose and glycerol-glucose have more homogeneous and smoother surface than edible control films and edible films with a glycerol-sucrose plasticizer.Keywords: edible film, fructose, glucose, plasticizer, sucrose ABSTRAKEdible film (lembaran tipis dapat dimakan) berbasis karagenan-lilin lebah telah dibuat dengan menggunakan dua jenis plasticizer (bahan pemlastis) yaitu gliserol dan gula. Gliserol pada konsentrasi tetap 1% dikombinasikan dengan gula (fruktosa, glukosa dan sukrosa) masing-masing pada tiga level konsentrasi yaitu 0,5%, 1% dan 1,5% b/vt. Edible film mempunyai kadar air, ketebalan, kuat tarik, elongasi dan kecepatan transmisi uap air masing-masing sebesar 13,69-14,91%, 0,059-0,102 mm, 12,62-32,40 MPa, 13,34-43,57% dan 17,65-25,38 g/m2/24 jam. Kenaikan konsentrasi plasticizer menghasilkan kenaikan kadar air, ketebalan, elongasi dan kecepatan transmisi uap air namun menurunkan kuat tariknya. Semua edible film menunjukkan sifat warna yang baik dengan lightness antara 84,45-85,61 sedangkan edible film dengan plasticizer gliserol-sukrosa memperlihatkan lightness paling rendah. Hasil scanning electron microscopy menunjukkan bahwa edible film yang diberi perlakuan Plasticizer gliserol-fruktosa dan gliserol-glukosa memiliki permukaan yang lebih homogen dan halus daripada edible film kontrol dan edible film dengan plasticizer gliserol-sukrosa. Kata kunci: edible film, fruktosa, glukosa, plasticizer, sukros