EFEK PENAMBAHAN FRAKSI SEMI POLAR (F19-23) EKSTRAK METANOLIKMENIRAN (Phyllanthus niruri) TERHADAP DAYA HAMBAT Amoxicillin DAN Chloramphenicol PADA Staphylococcus aureus DAN Escherichia coli

Introduction: One effective way to reduce antimicrobial resistance is to add adjuvants. Herbal Phyllanthus niruri has the potential to be an adjuvant to Amoxicillin and Chloramphenicol, however, the compounds that interact with these antibiotics are not yet known. In this study the separation of active compounds will be carried out by fractionation and tested in combination with antibiotics to inhibit the bacteria S. aureus and E. coli. The fractions tested in this study werefraction 19-23.Methods:This research is an in vitro experimental research. Extraction is done by maceration followed by column fractionation. The fraction taken will be tested for inhibition used the Kirby-Bauer method and interpreted based on the Ameri-Ziaei Double Antibiotic Synergism Test (AZDAST). Then phytochemical tests were carried out by thin layer chromatography (TLC) which was done by staining withDragendorff, FeCl3, and Formaldehyde.Results: No alkaloid, phenol or saponin were found in fraction 19-20, however in fraction 21-23 phenols were foundFractions 19-23 hasby it self activity against S.aureus and not all of E.coli. Fraction 21 had the largest ZOI against S. aureus, Fraction 23 againt E.coli.The ZOI in fraction 21 was against S. aureus (15 ± 1.7 mm) and fraction 23 was against E. coli (4 ± 8 mm). The combination of Fraction 23 with chloramphenicol has antagonistic interaction with S. aureus withZOI (9.7 ± 4 mm) smaller than a single antibiotic (16 ± 1 mm) and a single herb (11 ± 2 mm).combination fraction 19 and fraction 22 with amoxicillin has synergistic interaction with S.aureus. No other interaction were found.Conclusion:Fraction 19-23 methanolic extract of Chamber bitter showedinhibitory effect against S.aureusand not all of E.coli.Fraction23 has antagonistic interaction with chloramphenicol against S.aureus. Fraction 19 and fraction 22 has synergistic interaction with amoxicillin against S.aureus.Keywords: Phyllanthus niruri, L., Amoxicillin, Chloramphenicol, Antibioti