Composition- and Pressure-Induced Ferroelectric to Antiferroelectric Phase Transitions in Sm-Doped BiFeO₃ System

A three-dimensional phenomenological model is proposed to describe both ferroelectricity and antiferroelectricity based on the Ginzburg-Landau-Devonshire theory. Its application to the multiferroic Sm-doped BiFeO3 system describes the temperature-, pressure-, and composition-induced ferroelectric to antiferroelectric phase transitions. The constructed temperature-composition and temperature-pressure phase diagrams show that compressive hydrostatic pressure and Sm doping have similar effects on the ferroelectric and antiferroelectric phase transitions. It is also indicated from the temperature-pressure phase diagram that the experimentally observed phase of BiFeO3 under the hydrostatic pressure from 3 GPa to 10 GPa is a PbZrO3-like antiferroelectric phase