Teishõ, mowa dharmy, mondo. Z problematyki gatunku i stylu

TEISHÕ, THE LANGUAGE OF DHARMA AND MONDO. THE PROBLEMS OF GENRE AND STYLEThe article is associated with the problems of Zen Buddhism, in which the imparting of the individual experience of insight (satori) to other people, is looked upon as a specific kind of paradox. The above tension occurs most frequently in the case of a relation between master and pupil, although this phenomenon relates to a wider category of expressing the inexpressible – namely the mystical experience. One of the means of expression of the Buddhist thought is Teishõ which is a kind of commentary to the Sutras, delivered by a master of Zen. Yet, the above commentary reveals more than merely intellectual understanding; for it constitutes an extra-discursive, extra-scholarly activity of reawakened awareness.The language of Dharma is a form which is least restricted by the necessity to comment on or explain the classical works of Buddhism. Regardless of whether a given passage refers to religious or everyday lay reality, it always contains a religious atmosphere of revealing the Truth.The third of the discussed forms, Mondo, denotes the concept of “asking and answering”. It signifies a unique type of Zen dialogue which takes place between master and pupil; during this dialogue, the pupil asks a question concerning Buddhism that deeply disturbs him, while the master, circumventing the sphere of theory and logic, replies in such a way that he triggers off a reaction from the deepest layers of the pupil’s intuitive cognition.All of the above forms of expression-manifestation may be treated as specific rhetorical acts which have their persuasive, ideological and pragmatic objectives that do not at all deprive them of the perspective characteristic of truly spiritual and religious writings