Buoyancy Effects on Three-Dimensional Convection Flow Adjacent to Backward-Facing Step

Numerical simulations of three-dimensional, laminar, buoyancy-assisting mixed convection flow adjacent to a backward-facing step in a duct are presented. This is to demonstrate the influence of the Grashof number on the flow behavior, distributions of the Nusselt number, distributions of the friction coefficient, and the reverse-flow regions that develop adjacent to the duct\u27s walls. Increasing the Grashof number results in an increase in the Nusselt number and the size of the reverse-flow regions adjacent to the sidewall and the flat wall