Predator prey interactions have the potential to shape patterns of natural selection. For prey, avoiding detection by predators is of primary importance; however prey species must often risk detection by movement. Most prey species also use secondary defenses when detected by a predator. Examples include threat displays and more commonly, flight. Flight initiation distance describes the distance between a prey item and a predator where the benefits of fleeing outweigh the benefits of remaining stationary. There are many factors that influence flight initiation distance including ontogenetic stage, ability to escape, and the degree of crypsis. Of these, ontogenetic affects on escape velocity and flight initiation distance are likely to be su...
Antipredator escape behaviour varies with several well-established sources of variation ranging from...
Animals often evaluate the degree of risk posed by a predator and respond accordingly. Since many pr...
When an immobile prey has detected an immobile predator nearby, predation risk is greater when the p...
Predator prey interactions have the potential to shape patterns of natural selection. For prey, avoi...
Flight initiation distance describes the distance at which an animal flees during the approach of a ...
Predator prey interactions have the potential to shape patterns of natural selection. For prey, avoi...
Several aspects of escape behavior are predictable by escape theory based on expected costs due to p...
Escape theory predicts that flight initiation distance (FID = predator-prey distance when escape beg...
Escape studies often focus on one variable, but tactics and refuge use vary with microhabitats, expo...
Escape theory predicts that flight initiation distance increases with fitness costs of not fleeing a...
Escape theory predicts that flight initiation distance increases with fitness costs of not fleeing a...
Systematic reviews andmeta-analyses often examine data from diverse taxa to identify general pattern...
Anti-predator responses in animals are dynamic and depend on multiple factors. However, most of our ...
Escape theory predicts flight initiation distance (FID, predator-to-prey distance when escape begins...
Locomotor performance is a fundamental link between an animal and its environment. Con-siderable evi...
Antipredator escape behaviour varies with several well-established sources of variation ranging from...
Animals often evaluate the degree of risk posed by a predator and respond accordingly. Since many pr...
When an immobile prey has detected an immobile predator nearby, predation risk is greater when the p...
Predator prey interactions have the potential to shape patterns of natural selection. For prey, avoi...
Flight initiation distance describes the distance at which an animal flees during the approach of a ...
Predator prey interactions have the potential to shape patterns of natural selection. For prey, avoi...
Several aspects of escape behavior are predictable by escape theory based on expected costs due to p...
Escape theory predicts that flight initiation distance (FID = predator-prey distance when escape beg...
Escape studies often focus on one variable, but tactics and refuge use vary with microhabitats, expo...
Escape theory predicts that flight initiation distance increases with fitness costs of not fleeing a...
Escape theory predicts that flight initiation distance increases with fitness costs of not fleeing a...
Systematic reviews andmeta-analyses often examine data from diverse taxa to identify general pattern...
Anti-predator responses in animals are dynamic and depend on multiple factors. However, most of our ...
Escape theory predicts flight initiation distance (FID, predator-to-prey distance when escape begins...
Locomotor performance is a fundamental link between an animal and its environment. Con-siderable evi...
Antipredator escape behaviour varies with several well-established sources of variation ranging from...
Animals often evaluate the degree of risk posed by a predator and respond accordingly. Since many pr...
When an immobile prey has detected an immobile predator nearby, predation risk is greater when the p...