Pemanfaatan Surfaktan dalam Pengolahan Limbah Berminyak secara Bioproses

Abstract Oil sludge from petroleum industry effluent is classified as hazardous waste and required special treatment before discharge to the environment. One of oil sludge treatment technology is bioprocess which using bacterial activities to degrade hydrocarbon of oil sludge. However, the capability of bacteria in reducing petroleum waste is often obstructed by the characteristic of petroleum oil as non-aqueous phase liquid which is water immiscible. This condition can solved by surfactant addition in a specific concentration to increase hydrocarbon solubility thus enhance hydrocarbon biodegradation. This study was conducted in slurry bioreactors which contain production water enriched with N/P source (5:1) and 0.1% yeast extract, 10% (v/v) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa culture as degradator bacteria, 6% (w/v) oil sludge, and surfactant which concentration base on its CMC. Two surfactant of Emulsogen LP and Rheodol TW-S120V were tested as surfactant addition. The result showed that the addition of Emulsogen LP and Rheodol TW-S120V after 4 days incubation enhanced hydrocarbon biodegradation 34.50% and 46.23% respectively while control only 29.39%. The addition of Rheodol TSW-120V in slurry system at 37°C after 6 days showed the best result of hydrocarbon biodegradation (52.00%) while at room temperature only 31.51%. Keywords: Surfactant, Oil sludge, Bioprocess, Biodegradatio