Mechanization of Excavation in Beach Placer Mining

There is no conventional method of dry mechanical placer mining. However, the basic combination is obviously some digging/ dozing /scraping and loading arrangements in conjunction with suitable transport systems. In the past, the machineries were selected and designed for every case in isolation , primarily based on ground condition and the then technological level. Many trials failed economically. Dry mining with standard earthmoving equipment depends on the good footing for the equipment and short hauls to keep costs in line. It enables recovery up to 100% as selective mining is possible. However, the system requires firm base for vehicle movement and large on-site workshop facilities along with huge stock of spare parts. In general, Indian beach placer deposits, however compact it is, can be dug out without much effort, as they normally do not contain large boulders. AS a result, wide range of modern excavators, loaders, scrapers, dozers etc., which are commonly used in various civil and mining projects may find successful application in indian placer mining. For large-scale continuous operation, long-range excavators with booms, like draglines, bucket wheel excavators and slewing pillar bucket excavators of appropriate size ma also be applied. In this paper following machines and equipment that may be considered for dry mining and Indian beach placers are discusse