National innovation system in the era of liberalization : implications for science and technology policy for developing economies

MPRA paper no. 15432,Knowledge generation and transmission of knowledge are essential characteristics of national innovation systems, which connect users and producers of knowledge and allow institutional arrangements to function as a feedback system. The paper investigates global trends in research and development (R&D) inputs and outputs of the economic liberalization era. Input and output indicators have been used with a view to unravel the dramatic structural changes occurring both in the economic and innovation structure of the global economy. As well, the paper examines the role of international agencies