University-industry linkages in Thailand : successes, failures, and lessons learned for other developing countries

The study aims to identify successes and failures of university-industry linkages (UIL) in Thailand by combining data from company and university surveys. In general, UILs in Thailand are still weak. Determinants of UILs are identified in terms of university, firm level, or policy-related factors, as well as sectoral differences. Thai university-industrial linkages are strongest in the food processing sector. Most UIL projects are limited to consulting and technical service. The fragmentation of innovation systems in developing countries often results in a regional and technological mismatch between knowledge production and needs