Export of fresh fruits and vegetables and stakes of smallholder farmers : National Workshop, Micro-Level Perspectives of Growth in Tanzania, 3rd December 2008, Dar es Salaam, TZ

Declining proceeds from traditional agricultural exports have prompted poor countries to seek alternative exports in order to reduce the risks to incomes of the majority of the population who rely on the production of such exports. The poor countries have thus dedicated efforts towards “non-traditional agricultural exports”. This paper examines the prospects for exports of fresh fruits and vegetables (FFVs), a subset of horticultural produce, with a particular focus on how the stakes of smallholder farmers can be improved. Basing on a review of literature, it identifies the main challenges from the international trade regimes as stringent quality, health and environmental standards that affect FFV exports from developing countries. Lessons for good production and marketing practices are also noted. Existing information about FFV export performance in Tanzania sheds light on the major constraints and opportunities for developing FFVs around five agro-climatic zones and major export outlet in the country. Policy and research issues that need priority attention for the development of FFV exports are then discussed. The paper also hints at the possible development of the domestic market for FFVs for smallholder farmers located far from the export outlets which are doing well in the Northern Highlands Zone