FAKTOR LINGKUNGAN YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEMATIAN ANAK BALITA

Under-five mortality rate (infant mortality rate and child mortality rate) has been identified as one of the key indicator used to monitor and evaluate health status and to assess improvement in health development. Two factors affecting the health status of children are endogenous and exogenous factors. There is a linear association between the impact of exogenous factors and the age of children, the higher the age the greater the impact is. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of the exogenous factors or environmental (actors in decreasing the child mortality rate. Using indirect methods (Trussel West Model) child mortality estimation derived from the National Socioeconomic Survey (Susenas 1998). The result of 1998 Susenas indicates that child mortality rate is around 17 per 1000 for five­ year periods preceeding the survey. A number of socioeconomic, environmental and biological factors (i.e urban-rural, woman education, economic status or income, source of drinking water, type of latrine, and household occupant density) may influence child mortality. By entering five variables into multivariate analysis, only type of latrine and household occupant density variables appear to be the strongly influenced child mortality. The two variables contribute 51% to the child mortality rate