GANGGUAN PEREDARAN DARAH OTAK DI INDONESIA (FAKTOR-FAKTOR RISIKO DAN PREVALENSI PADA USIA LANJUT)

Cerebrovascular accidents are mayor causes of death and disability in developed countries and are also increasing in developing countries like Indonesia. It is strongly related to hypertension, diabetes and ischemic heart disease which are prevalent in older age groups. A study of 2092 cases of cerebrovascular accidents in Indonesia in 1980 revealed that the most frequent risk factors were hypertension (68.5%), diabetes (20%), obesity (15%), hypercholesterolemia (13%), and hyperuricemia (7%). It was also found that 43% of the patients have heart disease like left ventricular hypertrophy, coronary heart disease, and valvular disease. Epidemiological studies on cerebrovaskular accidents have not been done in Indonesia, but hospital data show an increasing frequency of ate disease. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital admitted 320 patients in 1980, while 496 patients were admitted in 1984. Only one third of the cerebrovascular accident cases admitted to Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital were of the hemorrhagic type. The results of treatment of cerebrovascular accidents are still unsatisfactory. Mortality is high and those who survive become invalids. Prevention of risk factors, especially early treatment of hypertension can reduce the incidence of cerebrovascular accidents